Personalizm wobec klerykalizmu i marksizmu. O duchowym i politycznym wyzwoleniu słoweńskich katolików w okresie międzywojennym

Marta Cmiel-Bażant

doi:10.32798/zl.1792

Published: 2025-12-29

Vol. 62 No. 1 (2025)

Personalism versus clericalism and Marxism. On spiritual and political liberation of the Slovenian Catholics in the interwar period

Marta Cmiel-Bażant

Zeszyty Łużyckie

Section: Articles

https://doi.org/10.32798/zl.1792

Abstract

Personalism in the interwar period became an inspiration for a generational rebellion of the Catholic intellectuals, who perceived the situation after the First World War as a deep ethical crisis. They defied the brassbound worldviews of the spiritual and political leaders, especially clericalists, who were deepening the ideological divisions. The most important inspirations for the Slovenian personalists were Quickborn, a Christian youth movement in Germany, the thoughts of French philosophers gathered around Emmanuel Mounier and native tradition of Christian socialism. The main objective of the article is to analyze the publications in reviews established by Slovenian personalists, their main ideas and objections of their critics. The most important decision made by the members of the movement was to join the Marxists in the Liberation Front during the Second World War.

Keywords:

personalism, Marxism, Christian socialism, revolution, person

Similar Articles

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.

Download files

pdf (Polski)

Citation rules

Cmiel-Bażant, M. (2025). Personalism versus clericalism and Marxism. On spiritual and political liberation of the Slovenian Catholics in the interwar period. Zeszyty Łużyckie, 62(1), 15–33. https://doi.org/10.32798/zl.1792

Cited by / Share

Licence

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

References

Cmiel–Bażant, M. (2022). Autobiograficzne czytanie powieści Drwiące żądze Draga Jančara. Adeptus, 19, 1–18. https://journals.ispan.edu.pl/index.php/adeptus/article/view/a.2634/7638 [5 I 2025]
Google Scholar

Čepič, Z. (2001). Revolucijsko v letu 1941. Prispevki za novejšo zgodovino, 2(41), 169-189. https://ojs.inz.si/pnz/issue/view/276 [5 I 2025]
Google Scholar

Dolenc, E. (1996). Kulturni boj. Ljubljana: Cankarjeva založba.
Google Scholar

Dović, M. (2007). Slovenski pisatelj. Razvoj vloge literarnega proizvajalca v slovenskem literarnem sistemu. Ljubljana: Založba ZRC SAZU.
Google Scholar

Gabrič, A. (1995). Edvard Kocbek od prisilnega umika v zasebnost do vrnitvev javno življenje. V: Zadravec, F.; Štuhec, I.; Novak, F. (red.) Razmišljanja o Edvardu Kocbeku (125-135). Ljubljana: Zavod Republike Slovenije za šolstvo.
Google Scholar

Grmič, V. (1995). Kocbekova odločitev za OF in (njegov) krščanski etos. V: Zadravec, F.; Štuhec, I.; Novak, F. (red.) Razmišljanja o Edvardu Kocbeku (95-103). Ljubljana: Zavod Republike Slovenije za šolstvo.
Google Scholar

Hribar, S. (1990). Edvard Kocbek in križarsko gibanje. Maribor: Založba Obzorja.
Google Scholar

Janžekovič, J. (1940). Človek in njegov smisel. V: Bohinjski teden. Zbornik predavanj akademskega kulturnosocialnega tedna SKAD Zarje v letu 1939 (3-12). Ljubljana: Zarja.
Google Scholar

Kocbek, E. (1928). Biocentrična metafizika. Križ, 1(1), (106-108). Dostępny online: http://www.dlib.si/?URN=URN:NBN:SI:DOC-57OKJ32Y.
Google Scholar

Kocbek, E. (1935a). Enemu izmed ozkih. Dom in svet, 3(48), 113-117.
Google Scholar

Kocbek, E. (1935b). Pogled na novo gibanje francoske mladine. Dom in svet, 6(48), 299-312.
Google Scholar

Kocbek, E. (1937). Premišljevanje o Španiji. Dom in svet, ½(50), 90-105.
Google Scholar

Kocbek, E. (1938). Slovenski človek. Dejanje, 1(1), 1-3.
Google Scholar

Kocbek, E. (1940). Oseba, središče novega življenja. V: Bohinjski teden. Zbornik predavanj akademskega kulturnosocialnega tedna SKAD Zarje v letu 1939 (13-22). Ljubljana: Zarja.
Google Scholar

Kocbek, E. (1989) Kdo sem. V: Svoboda in nujnost. Pričevanja. Celje: Mohorjeva družba, 313-333.
Google Scholar

Kocbek, E. (1990). Dejanje. V: Dolgan, M. (red.). Slovenski literarni programi in manifesti: Fanfare in tihotapci (87-89). Ljubljana: Mladinska knjiga.
Google Scholar

Kovačič–Peršin, P. (1998a). Uveljavitev personalistične filozofije pri Slovencih. v: Kovačič–Peršin, P. (red.), Personalizem in odmevi na Slovenskem (417-431). Ljubljana: Društvo 2000.
Google Scholar

Kovačič–Peršin, P. (1998b). Za etično preobrazbo človeka. Personalistična misel Edvarda Kocbeka. V: Kovačič–Peršin, P. (red.), Personalizem in odmevi na Slovenskem (453-478). Ljubljana: Društvo 2000.
Google Scholar

Ložar, R. (1989). Uredništvo Doma in sveta in njegove krize. V: Janežič, S. (red.) Dom in svet 1888-1988: zbornik ob stoletnici (21-25). Celje: Mohorjeva družba.
Google Scholar

Marinček, A. (1928). Krščansko–socialistični pokret. Križ, 1(1), (93-95). Dostępny online: http://www.dlib.si/?URN=URN:NBN:SI:DOC-57OKJ32Y.
Google Scholar

Ogrin, M. (1997). Kocbek in Mounier. Primerjalna književnost, 20 (1), 1-20.
Google Scholar

Omerza, I. (2011). Edvard Kocbek in njegov čas. Sodobnost, 12(75), 1606-1622.
Google Scholar

Pogačnik, J. (1997). Položaj in pomen revijalnega tiska. V: Vodopivec, P.; Mahnič, J. (red.) Slovenska trideseta leta: simpozij 1995 (158–173). Ljubljana: Slovenska matica.
Google Scholar

Ritter von Lama, F. (1925). Novi verski pokret v Nemčiji. Križ na gori, 1/2(1), 8-11.
Google Scholar

Sławińska, J. (1993). Poetycka kosmogonia Edvarda Kocbeka. Kraków: Universitas.
Google Scholar

Vodnik, F. (1983). Slovenstvo in katoličanstvo. V: Vodnik, F. Dialektika in metafizika slovenstva (78-87). Celje: Mohorjeva druzˇba.
Google Scholar

Vodopivec, P. (1987). Slovenci v tridesetih letih. V: Zadravec, F. i in. (red.), Socialni realizem v slovenskem jeziku, književnosti in kulturi. Mednarodni simpozij v Ljubljani od 26. do 28. junija 1985 (588-598). Ljubljana: Filozofska fakulteta.
Google Scholar

Marta Cmiel-Bażant

m.cmiel@uw.edu.pl
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3570-9656

Affiliation:

University of Warsaw, Institute of Western and Southern Slavic Studies Poland

Bio Statement:

Marta Cmiel-Bażant, she received her PhD in 2017 with a dissertation entitled Słoweńska krytyka literacka w okresie międzywojennym (1918–1941) (Slovenian Literary Criticism in the Interwar Period (1918–1941)). Since 2011, she has been teaching courses on Slovenian literature, culture, art, history, politics, and intercultural relations at the Institute of Western and Southern Slavic Studies, University of Warsaw. She is co-author of the book Polacy w Słowenii (Poles in Slovenia) and co-editor of the monographs Od makrostruktur do mikrohistorii. Instytucje po 1989 roku na Bałkanach oraz w Europie Środkowej i Wschodniej (From Macrostructures to Microhistories: Institutions after 1989 in the Balkans and Central and Eastern Europe) (2019) and Starcie narracji, Studia o słoweńskiej pamięci zbiorowej (Clashes of Narratives: Studies in Slovenian Collective Memory) (2023). She has also published numerous scholarly articles in the fields of Slovenian literature and culture.